WHY THYMINE IN DNA INSTEAD OF URACIL?
The answer is: methylation protects the DNA. Deoxyuridine
is methylated to deoxythymidine before the latter is used in DNA
synthesis. The extra methyl group serves to protect the DNA. Beside
using dT instead of dU, most organisms use various enzymes to modify
DNA AFTER it has been synthesized. Two such enzymes, dam and dcm
methylate adenines and cytosines, respectively, along the entire DNA
strand. Methylation makes the DNA unrecognizable to many nucleases
(enzymes which break down DNA and RNA), so that it cannot be easily
attacked by invaders, like viruses or certain bacteria.
Obviously, methylating the nucleotides before they are incorporated (in
the case of deoxythymidine) ensures that the entire strand of DNA is
protected.
Thymine also protects the DNA in another way. If you look
at the components of nucleic acids, phosphates, sugars, and bases, you
see that they are all very hydrophilic (water soluble).
Obviously, adding a hydrophobic (water insoluble) methyl group to part
of the DNA is going to change the characteristics of the
molecule. The major effect is that the methyl group will be
repelled by the rest of the DNA, moving it to a fixed position in the
major groove of the double helix. This solves an important
problem with uracil - though it prefers adenine, uracil can base-pair
with almost any other base, including itself, depending on how it
situates itself in the helix. By tacking it down to a single
conformation, the methyl group restricts uracil (as thymine) to pairing
only with adenine. This greatly improves the efficiency of DNA
replication, by reducing the rate of mismatches, and thus mutations.
To sum up: the replacement of thymine for uracil in DNA
protects the DNA from attack and maintains the fidelity of DNA
replication
Source: www.madsci.org/posts/archives/dec97/879354206.Bc.r.html